Background of the Study
Central bank reforms are critical for ensuring the robustness of a nation’s financial system. In Nigeria, reforms undertaken by the Central Bank—such as improvements in regulatory oversight, modernization of payment systems, and enhanced supervisory frameworks—aim to mitigate systemic risks and enhance financial stability (Adeniyi, 2023). These reforms seek to strengthen the resilience of banks, promote transparency, and improve the overall functioning of the financial markets. Financial stability is essential for fostering economic growth, as it reduces the risk of banking crises and ensures the smooth allocation of credit to productive sectors. Recent reforms have focused on implementing international best practices in risk management and prudential regulation. However, challenges remain due to legacy issues, market volatility, and external shocks that can disrupt stability even in a reformed financial system (Ibrahim, 2025). This study investigates the effectiveness of central bank reforms in enhancing financial stability in Nigeria by analyzing key stability indicators such as non-performing loan ratios, bank capitalization, and market liquidity. Using a combination of quantitative data analysis and qualitative assessments from industry experts, the research aims to determine the extent to which recent reforms have improved financial resilience and to identify areas for further improvement.
Statement of the Problem
Despite significant central bank reforms, Nigeria’s financial system continues to exhibit vulnerabilities that threaten overall stability. Persistent issues such as high non-performing loan ratios, inadequate capitalization, and liquidity shortages indicate that the reforms may not have fully addressed the structural weaknesses of the financial sector (Adeniyi, 2023). Additionally, external shocks and domestic economic challenges have tested the resilience of the banking system, revealing gaps in regulatory oversight and risk management practices. These challenges undermine investor confidence and hinder economic growth. The study seeks to explore why certain central bank reforms have not translated into robust financial stability and to identify the mechanisms that can further strengthen the system. The objective is to provide empirical evidence and policy recommendations that can guide future reforms aimed at ensuring a stable and resilient financial environment in Nigeria (Ibrahim, 2025).
Objectives of the Study
Research Questions
Research Hypotheses
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study analyzes financial sector data and reform documentation from Nigeria over the past decade. Limitations include external economic influences and potential data quality issues.
Definitions of Terms
• Central Bank Reforms: Changes implemented by the central bank to improve financial regulation and stability.
• Financial Stability: The resilience of the financial system against shocks.
• Non-Performing Loans: Loans in default or close to being in default.
• Market Liquidity: The ease with which assets can be traded without affecting their price.
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